JACC

Lots of interesting abstracts and cases were submitted for TCTAP 2022. Below are the accepted ones after a thorough review by our official reviewers. Don¡¯t miss the opportunity to expand your knowledge and interact with authors as well as virtual participants by sharing your opinion in the comment section!

TCTAP C-005

Conundrum of a ¡®Primary¡¯ Angioplasty: Provisional Stenting of Left Main Stem / Left Anterior Descending During STEMI With Double Bifurcation

By Mohd Ridzuan Bin Mohd Said, Vijayendran Rajalingam, Anand Raj Silveraju, Kantha Rao Narasamuloo, Saravanan Krishinan, Chee Tat Liew, Dharmaraj Karthikesan

Presenter

Mohd Ridzuan Bin Mohd Said

Authors

Mohd Ridzuan Bin Mohd Said1, Vijayendran Rajalingam2, Anand Raj Silveraju3, Kantha Rao Narasamuloo4, Saravanan Krishinan5, Chee Tat Liew6, Dharmaraj Karthikesan7

Affiliation

Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre, Malaysia1, Sultan Idris Shah Serdang Hospital, Malaysia2, Hospital Serdang, Malaysia3, Sultanah Bahiyah Hospital, Malaysia4, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia5, Pantai Penang Hospital, Malaysia6, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Malaysia7,
View Study Report
TCTAP C-005
CORONARY - Acute Coronary Syndromes (STEMI, NSTE-ACS)

Conundrum of a ¡®Primary¡¯ Angioplasty: Provisional Stenting of Left Main Stem / Left Anterior Descending During STEMI With Double Bifurcation

Mohd Ridzuan Bin Mohd Said1, Vijayendran Rajalingam2, Anand Raj Silveraju3, Kantha Rao Narasamuloo4, Saravanan Krishinan5, Chee Tat Liew6, Dharmaraj Karthikesan7

Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre, Malaysia1, Sultan Idris Shah Serdang Hospital, Malaysia2, Hospital Serdang, Malaysia3, Sultanah Bahiyah Hospital, Malaysia4, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysia5, Pantai Penang Hospital, Malaysia6, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Malaysia7,

Clinical Information

Patient initials or Identifier Number

R

Relevant Clinical History and Physical Exam

A 64-year-old lady with underlying dyslipidemia presented to our emergencydepartment with typical chest pain. Immediate electrocardiogram was performedwhich showed sinus rhythm, ST elevation at lead 1, aVL and V1, hyperacute Twave at V2 till V3 with ST depression at leads II, III and aVF. Hence a diagnosisof acute anterolateral myocardial infarction, Killip 1 was given and urgentreferral to cardiologist was made. Subsequently, she was subjected for primaryangioplasty.

Relevant Test Results Prior to Catheterization

Blood results showed sodium of 134 mmol/L, potassium of 3.5 mmol/L, urea of 3.2 mmol/L and creatinine of 67 mmol/L. Liver enzymes were within normal limits with aspartate transaminase of 38 U/L and alkaline phosphatase of 91 U/L. Creatinine kinase was 330 U/L but increased to 2861 U/L during subsequent day. In addition, COVID-19 RTK antigen was negative. 

Relevant Catheterization Findings

Coronary angiogram revealed mild disease at proximal right coronary artery and proximal left circumflex. Minimal disease was noted at distal left main stem, but severe disease was observed from proximal left anterior descending till mid left anterior descending. Heterogenous plague suggesting thrombus was seen at ostial first diagonal as well.
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Interventional Management

Procedural Step

Right femoral assess was obtained with 7Fr sheath, and SL 3.5 7Fr guiding catheter was engaged to left coronary artery. Intracoronary heparin and tirofiban were given prior to wiring. First diagonal was wired with Sion Blue while left anterior descending was wired with Runthrough Floppy. Post-wiring both vessels, coronary flow remained TIMI 3 and hence we decided to proceed with IVUS. From IVUS, noted fibrous elastic plague with heavy thrombus burden. Intracoronary streptokinase was given and noted improvement of thrombus from IVUS. BMW wired to left circumflex. Lesion predilated with scoring balloon and associated with no reflow events, resolved post vasodilators. Left main stem was stented with Onyx 3.5 x 26 mm and deployed at 16 atm. Both side branches wires were rewired into same branches via Crusade microcatheter. LMS stent was post dilated with NC Euphora 4.5 mm at nominal pressure. Noted impingement of both ostium diagonal and circumflex branches. Balloon kissing inflation was performed for both LAD/Diagonal bifurcation and LMS/LAD/circumflex bifurcation. POT was performed post balloon kissing inflation with NC Euphora 3.5 mm and 4.5 mm for both LAD and LMS respectively. Next, IVUS was repeated for mid LAD stent length and Onyx 3.0 mm X 15 mm was deployed at nominal pressure. IVUS repeated and noted under-expansion of overlapped segments and post dilated with NC Euphora 3.0 mm at high pressure. 
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Case Summary

Our clinical vignette demonstrated few learning points including utilization of IVUS during primary angioplasty. Understanding of plague characteristic ensures adequate stents expansion especially with fibro elastic plague. In addition, we also demonstrated several precautions in dealing with bifurcation lesions including usage of double lumen microcatheter for wiring the side branches. Even though we opted for provisional stenting, balloon kissing inflation played pivotal role in preserving flow into side branches.