This retrospective study aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of Castor single-branch covered-stent implantation in the treatment of acute type B aortic dissection.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients with acute type B aortic dissection who were treated at our hospital between January 2020 and November 2021. Patients were divided into a control group (undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair) and a Castor single-branch covered-stent implantation surgery group based on the different treatment methods. Baseline data, early postoperative recovery indicators, incidence of early postoperative complications and mortality, long-term prognosis, long-term efficacy, and changes in aortic diameter before and after surgery were collected for all patients.

The Castor single-branch covered-stent implantation surgery group had significantly shorter intensive care unit stay (44.02±6.62 vs. 47.26±6.14, t=2.164, P=0.034), postoperative hospital stay (12.53±2.14 vs. 13.87±2.23, t=2.623, P=0.011), total hospital stay (20.47±3.38 vs. 22.59±53.28, t=2.709, P=0.008), the total complication rate (31.43% vs. 10.53%, χ2 =4.876, P=0.027) compared to the control group. The number of patients requiring secondary intervention (25.71% vs. 2.63%, χ2=6.375, P=0.012) and the formation of new intimal tears at the stent edges (25.71% vs. 5.26%, χ2=6.257, P=0.012) were significantly higher in the control group, and the proportion of stents in position was significantly lower (80.00% vs. 100.00%, χ2=5.954, P=0.015). The number of patients whose condition improved was significantly higher in the Castor single-branch covered-stent implantation surgery group compared to the control group (97.37% vs. 80.00%, χ2=3.993, P=0.046). There were significant differences in the descending aortic diameter postoperatively between the two groups (25.37 ± 3.26 vs. 20.47 ± 3.12, t = 6.546, P < 0.001).

The Castor single-branch stent graft implantation appears to offer advantages in terms of early postoperative recovery, lower complication rates, and improved long-term prognosis and effectiveness. These findings support the use of the Castor single-branch covered-stent as a promising treatment option for patients with acute type B aortic dissection.