The 17th ANGIOPLASTY SUMMIT 2012-TCTAP had a program about the latest technical and clinical investment and case-based learning by live case presentation about catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation. On Thursday morning, at 11:30 AM in the Endovascular Arena, ¡°Live Case Presentation for Renal Denervation¡± was held. In addition, at 7:00 AM, Wednesday, in the Tutorial Arena, there was a ¡°Medtronic AP Morning Session: DES + ARDIAN (Renal Denervation)¡± covering topics ranging from patient selection to technique and tips of catheter-based renal denervation. Resistant hypertension or therapy-refractory hypertension is defined as uncontrolled blood pressure despite the use of optimal doses of more than three antihypertensive drugs(including a diuretic). Patients with therapy-refractory hypertension are at particular risk for cardiovascular events. Despite numerous antihypertensive drugs, hypertension remains resistant in a considerable number of patients, thus creating the need for alternative strategies, including interventional approaches. Recently, catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation has been shown.....